氫氧化鉀外觀為白色片狀或粉狀，具有強(qiáng)烈腐蝕性和強(qiáng)堿性。氫氧化鉀暴露在空氣中時，易被空氣中的水分而潮解，并吸收二氧化碳而成碳酸鉀。易溶于水、乙醇或酸，并釋放大量的熱量。氫氧化鉀在不同溫度下，溶解度也有所不同。

The appearance of potassium hydroxide is white flake or powder, with strong corrosivity and alkalinity. When potassium hydroxide is exposed to the air, it is easy to be deliquested by the moisture in the air and absorb carbon dioxide to form potassium carbonate. It is easily soluble in water, ethanol or acid and releases a lot of heat. The solubility of potassium hydroxide is different at different temperatures.

在0℃時，能溶解97克氫氧化鉀；在10℃時，能溶解103克氫氧化鉀；在20℃時，能溶解112克氫氧化鉀；在30℃時，能溶解126克氫氧化鉀。由此可見，溫度高時，氫氧化鉀的溶解度也提高了。

At 0 ℃, 97g potassium hydroxide can be dissolved; At 10 ℃, 103g potassium hydroxide can be dissolved; 112 g potassium hydroxide can be dissolved at 20 ℃; 126g potassium hydroxide can be dissolved at 30 ℃. It can be seen that the solubility of potassium hydroxide increases at high temperature.

氫氧化鉀對組織有燒灼作用，可溶解蛋白質(zhì)，形成堿性變性蛋白質(zhì)。溶液或粉塵濺到皮膚上，尤其濺到黏膜，可產(chǎn)生軟痂。氫氧化鉀的溶解度溶越高，溫度越高，作用就越強(qiáng)。如不慎濺入眼內(nèi)，不僅可損傷角膜，而且能使眼部深組織損傷。

Potassium hydroxide can cauterize tissues, dissolve proteins, and form basic denatured proteins. If the solution or dust splashes on the skin, especially on the mucous membrane, it can produce soft scabs. The higher the solubility of potassium hydroxide, the higher the temperature, the stronger the effect. If accidentally splashed into the eyes, it can not only damage the cornea, but also damage the deep tissues of the eyes.

氫氧化鉀高容許濃度為0.5mg/m。工作時應(yīng)防止觸及皮膚和眼睛，如不慎觸及時，可用流水洗滌受損部位，然后濕敷5%的醋酸、酒石酸、鹽酸或檸檬酸溶液；如濺人眼內(nèi)，應(yīng)用流水或生理鹽水仔細(xì)緩慢洗滌10～30min，然后點(diǎn)入2%的奴佛卡因或0.5%的地卡因溶液。

The high allowable concentration of potassium hydroxide is 0.5mg/m. Avoid touching the skin and eyes during work. If it is accidentally touched, wash the damaged part with running water, and then wet apply 5% acetic acid, tartaric acid, hydrochloric acid or citric acid solution; If it splashes into the eyes, wash it carefully and slowly with running water or normal saline for 10~30min, and then add 2% novocaine or 0.5% dicaine solution.

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